Mixed Up Models

class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide

.title[
# Mixed Up Models
]
.subtitle[
## EDP 618 Week 2
]
.author[
### Dr. Abhik Roy
]

---

section {
    height: 600px;
    width: 60%;
    margin: auto;
    border-radius: 21px;
    background-color: #212121;
}

.remark-slide-container {
background: #212121;
}

.hljs-github .hljs {
    background: transparent;
    color: #b2dfdb;
}

.hljs-github .hljs-keyword {
    color: #64b5f6;
}

.hljs-github .hljs-literal {
    color: #64b5f6;
}

.hljs-github .hljs-number {
    color: #64b5f6;
}

.hljs-github .hljs-string {
    color: #b7b3ef;
}

.hljs-github .hljs {
    background: transparent;
    color: #b2dfdb;
}

.hljs-github .hljs-keyword {
    color: #64b5f6;
}

.hljs-github .hljs-literal {
    color: #64b5f6;
}

.hljs-github .hljs-number {
    color: #64b5f6;
}

.hljs-github .hljs-string {
    color: #b7b3ef;
}

section p {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 30px;
    background-color: #212121;
    border-radius: 21px;
    font-family: Roboto Condensed;
    font-style: bold;
    padding: 12px;
    color: #bff4ee;
    margin: auto;
}

#center {
text-align: center;
}

#right {
  text-align: right;
}

.center p {
  margin: 0;
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  -ms-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

.center2 {
  margin: 0;
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  left: 50%;
  -ms-transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
  transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}

.tab {
 display: inline-block;
 margin-left: 40px;
}
</style>

<div>
<style type="text/css">.xaringan-extra-logo {
width: 110px;
height: 128px;
z-index: 0;
background-image: url(/Users/skynet/Documents/WVU/Teaching/GitHub.nosync/edp618/static/img/course_hex.png);
background-size: contain;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
position: absolute;
top:1em;right:1em;
}
</style>
<script>(function () {
 let tries = 0
 function addLogo () {
 if (typeof slideshow === 'undefined') {
 tries += 1
 if (tries < 10) {
 setTimeout(addLogo, 100)
 }
 } else {
 document.querySelectorAll('.remark-slide-content:not(.title-slide):not(.inverse):not(.hide_logo)')
 .forEach(function (slide) {
 const logo = document.createElement('a')
 logo.classList = 'xaringan-extra-logo'
 logo.href = 'https://edp618.asocialdatascientist.com'
 slide.appendChild(logo)
 })
 }
 }
 document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', addLogo)
})()</script>
</div>

---

class: highlight-last-item
layout: true

---

#  Readings

1. Find a partner

2. Discuss

+ your current understanding of what Mixed Methods Research entails and why anyone would want to do it

+ when Mixed Methods Research does or does not seem useful

3. Come to a consensus and

+ co-write a single sentence definition of Mixed Methods Research and decide which partner will read it to the class

+ draw a picture of your description

4. Submit your work to <a href="https://edp618fall2022.slack.com/archives/C03UGNU6UFQ" target="_blank" style='color:#ff8384;'>#in-class-work</a> on Slack and be ready to discuss

---

#  Its About Triangulation

Using multiple approaches, data sets, methods, theories, investigators, etc to increase the validity and credibility of research findings

> By data source - multiple data collection points

> By researcher – multiple researchers

> By theory – multiple researchers with different theoretical perspectives

> By method – multiple methods

.pull-right[
<center>
Looking for more detail? Look over Luttrell (2005) &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="https://edp612.asocialdatascientist.com/handouts/Luttrell%20(2005).pdf" target='_blank' download="Luttrell (2005)">
<img src="img/pdf-ico.png" alt="Luttrell (2005)" width='35'>
</a>
<center>
 
]

> By verification – member checking, inquiry audit

> By examination of subjectivity – researcher journaling, inquiry audit

---

#  Working Definition of Mixed Methods Research

Mixed methodological approaches use paradigms, data sources, and/or analytic procedures from both quantitative and qualitative studies in various combinations.

.pull-right[
Notice that there is a lot of detail NOT specified in this definition like
 - assumptions, 
 - data types
 - models
 - modes of analyses
 - a description of the mixing process
]

.pull-left[
Rather than focus on nature of reality or the possibility of objective truth, focus on What are the likely consequences of believing or acting on 
, and combine elements of qualitative and quantitative approaches to achieve stronger foundations for action.

]

---

#  Uses for Standard Mixed Methods Approaches

.pull-left[

Triangulation 
a single phenomenon

]

.pull-right[

Complementarity 
overlapping phenomenon

]

<center>
 

Development 
situations where one method informs another

 
</center>

.pull-left[

Initiation 
finding paradox(es) and/or contradiction(s)

]

.pull-right[

Expansion 
differing methods to address different phenomena

]

---

#  Designs

---

## Explanatory

Process. qualitative data helps explain or build upon initial quantitative results

.pull-left[
Strengths
 
- Single researcher
- Two-phases
- Single or multi-study
- Quantitative oriented
]

.pull-right[
Challenges
 
- Time consuming
- Positives/negatives in using the same sample
- IRB approval
]

---

## Exploratory

Process. starts with qualitative data, to explore a phenomenon, and then builds to a second, quantitative phase

.pull-left[
Strengths
 
- Single researcher
- Two-phases
- Single or multi-study
- Qualitative oriented
]

.pull-right[
Challenges
 
- Time consuming
- Must the same sample
- IRB approval
]

---

## Triangulation

Process. implementation of the quantitative and qualitative methods during the same timeframe and with equal weight

.pull-left[
Strengths
 
- Time reducing
- Single-phase
- Multi-study
- Quantitative and Qualitative equally represented
- IRB approval
]

.pull-right[
Challenges
 
- Typically needs multiple researchers
- Different samples are typically needed
- Fragile
]

---

# Create a model

1. Find a partner

2. Premise. The effect of the pandemic on student learning in a university setting

3. Come to a consensus and

+ Write a research question

+ Come up with a mixed methods design using the *A Short But Not So Short Primer on Mixed Methods Designs* document as a reference
  
  + Outline the methodology and analyses

4. Submit your work to <a href="https://edp618fall2022.slack.com/archives/C03UGNU6UFQ" target="_blank" style='color:#ff8384;'>#in-class-work</a> on Slack and be ready to discuss

---

#  That’s It!

Any questions?

<center>
<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png" /></a> This work is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License</a>
</center>